Explain Erikson’s four childhood stages. Include at least one example of how caring adults can support social-emotional development of children during each stage. (4 paragraphs)
- Infancy: Trust vs mistrust (birth – 18 months)
- Toddlerhood: Autonomy vs shame and doubt (18 – 42 months)
- Preprimary: Initiative vs guilt (42 months – 6 years)
- Primary: Industry vs inferiority (6 – 12 years)
Your Response
According to Erickson, young ones have four stages that everyone experiences before it became a mature individual. For him, everyone goes through a psychological crisis in each developmental phase of childhood. The first thing that he identifies is the newborn up to its 18 months (Trust vs. mistrust). The child begins to confuse whether when it should have trust and where should not. Basically, if a child always sees his parents, then it may be used to seeing only his parents that’s why he will build trust in them. Yet when someone tries to approach him, he will cry as he can’t recognize the face of the stranger or which is a perfect example of mistrust. As the babies can’t understand when to believe the parents needs to let the kid see the world. They need to help their son to have trust with someone by not letting its side when someone is approaching it. It will calm the newborn since they might think that they are still safe because they can sense the image of their parents.
As pertaining to the 2nd stage were said to be toddlerhood (Autonomy vs. shame and doubt), this was the point where the child starts to wonder if can he do a certain task on its own or it must ask for the help of someone instead, as it has a doubt on itself and it was afraid to face the shameless that could possibly result of his action. To properly support the child in their social-emotional development, the adult needs to train it with a simple gesture so it would not make the child overthink regardless if he can do the activity or not. The most common approach that every parent do is to train their child on washing its hands, first they need to demonstrate how it works so it will serve as the basis of the kid while doing obstacles.
The most challenging part of the stages is the preprimary (Initiative vs. guilt), where a child may find a hard time to identify what states of mind should it follow. Thinking into a normal situation, if the kid wants to buy something but its parents didn’t allow it to happen. As a result, there are two thinking that might come up in the mind of the child and that is “to steal some money as it is not that costly” or “To not steal since it was a wrong deed, and the parents might get mad”. A child will start to get confused whether what should he prioritize, should it be his personal interest or should it be the outcome when his parents find out what he did. By that, the adults need to guide their kind of thinking and should lead them in the right path, they must highlight with the child on what is really the purpose of its undertakings. Though when that happened, they should start to educate their child with the foundation of morality. They should properly address that there are some acts that are prohibited in this society.
Lastly, the Primary (Industry or Inferiority), every child will ask themselves of how will they be good at something? How will they acquire and achieve something? As the young ones have a hard time evaluating their right action, the parent needs to teach their kid the virtue of competence, where they have to make clear with their child that without doing something, a person will never attain its goal. It needs to exceed and surpass its own limit in order to hold the key to its success.
Rubric
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0 Not Present |
1 Needs Improvement |
2 Meets Expectations |
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| Topic 2: Theories and Concepts Related to the Social-Emotional Developmental Continuum | |||
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Explain Erikson’s four childhood stages. Include at least one example of how caring adults can support social-emotional development of children during each stage.
LO1: Explain Erikson’s four childhood stages. |
Response is missing. | Response is vague, inaccurate, and/or incomplete. | Response is clear, accurate, and complete. |
| LO2: Explain how caring adults can support children’s social-emotional development during each of Erikson’s four stages. | Response is missing. | Response is vague, inaccurate, and/or incomplete. | Response is clear, accurate, and complete. |
