Describe the theory of knowledge called skepticism. Consider the skeptic’s charge that we can never be confident about the reliability of our normal sources of knowledge (perceptions, memory, introspection, and reasoning.) Describe why and how, for each of the 4 sources mentioned, the source is unreliable as a source for absolutely certain knowledge. Use examples to show your understanding.

Does it follow from the view that we cannot be absolutely certain about ideas that any idea or perspective is as good as another? If not, what criteria should we use in pragmatically orienting ourselves in the world in a reasonable way?

Use only the textbook as the source (attached). Use it to help you respond to the topic, and when you quote and summarize from the course texts, include information about the page reference.